Improved brick km



G. C.. BOVEY.

Brick Kilnr Patented an. l5, 1867,

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,To wnoM Ir MAY consultivi Be it known that I, GEORGE C. BOVEY,y of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Brick Kiln; an'dl hereby declare the -following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making part of this speciication.

k'.lhis invention refers to a form or arrangement of kiln for burning bricks, insuringa uniform action at every part, so as to' avoid loss and waste. l

Figure 1 is a perspective View of a kiln embodying my invention, aportion of the arches .being removed, and the top of the kiln being thrown open.

Figure 2 is a transverse section showing the middle apsA open for central settling, and by dotted lines showing the right-hand pairof ilaps open for side settling.

Figure 3 is a transverse section showing the left pair of ilaps open for settling the remaining side, and by dotted lines'showing the kiln closedv for completion of .the burning.

A A and B B( constitute respectively the side and end walls of the kiln. The side walls are pierced at the ground level with a'series of arches, C, having an outside prolongationfO, which terminates ush with a curb or wall, D. The intersticesbetween thearches are filled with clay, as shown at E. 1 A large and high doorway, F, is provided in leach end wall for the introduction of the unburnt and the-removal of the burnt bricks. Hinged, J, to the top of each side wall,- is a cover, G H, G' H', consisting cfa broad leaf, G or G', having counterbalanced or Weightedhandles, I I', and a narrow leaf, H H hinged, J', to the free edge of said broad leaf in such a manner as to exclude the rain when closed; each pair of leaves constituting respectively the right-hand and left-hand iiap G H, G H. `K are bolts which may answer the double purpose of staying the side Walls and of securing thereto the hinges .J L are cords'or chains by which the naps are operated, the latter being ljust sufficiently heavier than the handles for that purpose. M are rain-water spouts.

The operation is 'as follows; The kiln hei-ng filled with unburnt brick, and proper openings being left for draught, and the doorways F builtin with refuse brick and plastered in the customary manner, and thetop of the kiln being thrown entirely open, as in fig. 1, fires are built in the arches, and as soon as thev water-smoke is entirely dissipated, the large leaves arehelosed down, as shown in iig. 2, so as to leave the middle portion of the top open. This having' proceeded long enough lto settle the central portion oi' the clamp, the left'ltlap is wholly closed and the right ilap wholly opened, as shown by dotted lines in g.,2, and kept in this condition until the right' side becomes suiiiciently settled, when the right ilap is closed down, and the left flap thrown openg to settle the left side. (See iig. The entire clamp having'been thus equally settled at every part, the-top' is closed entirely down, (see dotted lines in tig. 3,)and the clamp -left to become gradually and equally bin-nt throughout-*every part. The flaps may be formed .of boiler-plates bolted to frames of angle-iron, so as to protect the latter from the direct action of the lire, and tobe easily renewable.

This arrangement of clamp possesses several 4decided advantages over those of the customary forms; for example, being enabled to direct the draught insuccession through the centre and either side, I insure an equal settling of every part, and prevent all unequal shrinkage and contraction of the unburnt bricks. The folding cover dispenses whollywith the platting, or usual brick cover. The facility with which the entire top of the clamp can be thrown open, enablcs'the complete expulsion of the vapor, or water-smoke, before burning, thus avoiding the great destruction ofV brick new incident to sudden expansion of moisture within the 'substance of the brick. The external extension of the arches avoids the too direct contact of the brick with the intense heat of actual combustion. The heat pervading every part of the kiln alike, converts the entire charge into fair merchantablebrick without loss, imperfection, or waste, and with an 'expenditure of less than half the fuel usually consumed.

t I claim herein as new, and of my invention, a brick kiln entirelyvopen at the top and provided with folding covers, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand GEO. C. BOVEY. Witnesses:

Gao. H. KNIGHT, JAMES H. LAYMAN. 

